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Cancellation Tennis

By News

Rows of books on a bookshelf cast in shadow, a single spotlight illuminates several books from J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series.

Photograph by Lillian Heredia.

I try not to be one of those grad students who spends all their time sipping on a $5 tea in exchange for WiFi and a public place to work, however, the other day I found myself doing just that at a coffee shop in Uptown. On this particular afternoon, there were three people sitting directly behind me having a loud conversation. I tried to drown out their noise, but I couldn’t help but tune in when I heard them say, “Voldemort.”

“My aunt says she won’t get the vaccine because ‘For the Greater Good’ was Voldemort’s saying,” I overheard. I almost turned around… to correct this blatantly incorrect reference. See, “For the Greater Good” was actually the slogan of the dark wizard Grindelwald, which he developed with his friend Albus Dumbledore. The reason I know this is because I have read all seven Harry Potter books at least twenty times, and I just finished another re-reading of the entire series over winter break. Yes, I was one of those kids who checked the mailbox for my Hogwarts letter the summer that I turned eleven. My WiFi is called “The Floo Network.” I was also one of those people who went to the midnight showing of the movies and finished each new book within 48 hours of release.

The reason I’m talking about everybody’s favorite bespeckled wizard is not to pontificate on Dumbledore or Voldemort or obscure wizarding world references, although if anybody wants to invite me to Harry Potter trivia, I will definitely have a competitive edge. The real reason rhymes with “smurfs:” Chances are you’ve heard of the controversy surrounding J.K. Rowling over the past few years. If not, feel free to take a quick intermission and sip all of the British tea here

So can I disagree with J.K. Rowling views, but still read Harry Potter? Can we as a society ‘cancel’ an artist, or an author, or a singer, or a podcaster, but still continue to ethically consume their media? 

This question is one of my favorite conversation starters to bring up at parties. Typically, nobody lands on a solid answer. Kanye West is one of my favorite musicians of all time, and another name that often comes up during this debate. As a neurodivergent person, Kanye West is more than just a rapper to me: His music is a representation of the beautiful contributions neurodivergent people can offer the world. In addition to being a musical genius (in my humble opinion), Ye has also had his fair share of tabloid headlines. His arguably biggest public blunder occurred on TMZ live in 2018 when he suggested that slavery was a choice. Kanye did apologize, but since then people have been questioning whether or not they can or should continue to enjoy his music. (Including yours truly.) 

Another Chicago musician who has been tried in the court of public opinion, and an actual court of law, is R. Kelly. R. Kelly has been convicted of a cornucopia of sexually-based crimes. The social media campaign #MuteRKelly was founded by Kenyette Barnes and Oronike Odeleye in July of 2017 to encourage the Black community to “financially divest” from the musician. Public outcry against the artist reached a peak when the docuseries “Surviving R. Kelly” aired on Lifetime in 2019, leading to the exclusion of R. Kelly’s music from some streaming platforms. Many people have sworn off his music entirely. After adopting an R. Kelly-free diet, hundreds of users on Twitter posted and retweeted pleas for other musicians to re-record his most beloved track, Ignition. I personally have found refuge in Phoebe Ryan’s mash-up version.

The list of famous artists, musicians, and authors who have been “canceled” goes on, and the offenses range from actual crimes to bigotry to bad behavior. Quentin Tarantino has been criticized for his inappropriate tactics on set and the glorification of violence toward women in his films. Sitcoms are impossible to watch without cringing at the sexism, misogyny, and homophobia. (Friends, anyone?) The bromance between Spotify and Joe Rogan has been in the spotlight recently. And Ariana Grande licked a donut

This question goes far deeper than not wanting to give up our favorite books, musicians, and artists. This question is about cancel culture itself which is really about ethical consumption. Do you think human beings are redeemable and deserving of forgiveness for their mistakes? More importantly, what is the responsibility of public consumers? 

Many people, including me, were heartbroken by Rowling’s failure to live by the principles of equity and tolerance preached in her novels. I took the time to read JK Rowling’s personal essay explaining the rationale behind her bigotry. I vehemently disagree with her stance on issues of gender and the exclusion of the trans and non-binary community in feminist discourse. Feminism that isn’t inclusive of and equitable for everyone isn’t feminism. If cancel culture is meant to hold people who cause harm accountable for their actions and encourage retribution, the public does have power to decide what they will consume and how much they will tolerate. 

Accountability can manifest itself in many different ways. As public consumers, our power lies in our pocket books. Although I do believe in forgiveness if people are willing to make amends for their actions and demonstrate their willingness to change, I don’t believe in continuing to financially support celebrities or public figures who are actively and unapologetically causing harm. Barnes’ and Odeleye’s idea of “financial divestment” is crucial to this debate: J.K. Rowling still generates income from anything affiliated with the Harry Potter franchise, so I won’t be visiting the Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Studios anytime soon. I certainly won’t be reading or purchasing any of her new books. But what about re-reading the books that I purchased back in the 90’s, the ones that I’ve held in my hands for so many hours, they are falling apart at the seams? 

Harry, Ron, and Hermione are so much bigger than J.K. Rowling. When Rowling put her art out into the world, the wizarding world was no longer just hers. Rowling’s art is a concrete part of many childhoods, and I don’t think that we have to completely give that up. I argue that we can hold Rowling accountable, question her politics, and still re-read the books that have brought us joy over the past two decades. 

Perhaps, the more readers who continue to challenge Rowling’s ideas, the more likely it is that she will take the time to listen or even change her mind. People are capable of growth. Taylor Swift’s first album in 2006 included homophobic lyrics, but in the summer of 2019 her video You Need to Calm Down was the pride anthem of the summer. 

Unfortunately, Kanye has continued to make it harder and harder to defend his actions. Ye’s on again, off again relationship with our former president was questionable at best, horrifying at worst. His 2020 presidential bid was so cringe I couldn’t decide whether or not I should laugh or cry. Kanye has spent the past month harassing his ex-wife and children. Honestly, I am really starting to struggle with my decision to continue listening to his music. As someone who uses streaming platforms, I know that I am financially supporting the rapper each time his songs come on shuffle. No matter how small the contribution, it is my responsibility to decide whether that is aligned with my personal values. 

The other day I initiated this conversation for the millionth time while walking home from class with a friend. After about fifteen Chicago blocks, we both realized that we could go back and forth on this debate forever, like a never-ending game of cancellation tennis. The query I’ve posed here is not a simple yes or no question. (It’s not even multiple choice.) Perhaps each individual person needs to determine what their values are, and then decide what they are personally comfortable with. I will say this: I still listen to Kanye, for now. I don’t listen to R. Kelly. I still watch Quentin Tarantino movies, but I don’t eat at Chick-fil-A. (That last one is easier for me, as a vegan). 

I still read Harry Potter. I also jump at every opportunity I get to bring up J.K. Rowling and tear apart her opinions.

Jamisen Paustian (MAATC 2024) colors more than most adults, but she rarely stays inside the lines. @jamis3n

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Book Review: “The Secret Listener”

By Literature

The Secret Listener Book Review, Mao

Illustration by Anna Cai

Book Details: “The Secret Listener” by Yuan-Tsung Chen, Oxford University Press, 320 pages, hardcover, $29.95

In her twenties, Yuan-Tsung Chen worked in Beijing’s Central Film Bureau, a job that let her witness at close range Mao Tse-tung’s consolidation of power following the Chinese Civil War in the 1950s.  As an artist, Chen was keenly aware of Mao’s mobilization of art for strictly political purposes. Besides censorship, the sentencing of high profile artists to labor camps following farcical trials imbued an atmosphere of paranoia effective in forwarding Mao’s agenda. With a literary voice tuned to the unique melody of bilingual fluency, Chen’s new memoir, The Secret Listener: An Ingenue in Mao’s Court (January 2022, Oxford University Press) tracks the upheaval of mid-century China.

Long before Mao gained the title of Chairman, a fanatic personality cult, and the catastrophic legacy of the Great Famine and Cultural Revolution, he gave a lecture on the role of art for a Communist state. 

The year was 1942, and the Communists were holed up in mountains in the northwest, having been chased across the country by the Kuomintang military. Mao’s “Talks at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art” mandated that “(1) all art should portray the revolutionary masses and (2) all art should advance the cause of the socialist revolution.” According to this creed, every trace of traditional Chinese society and Western society be destroyed by revolutionary art, or “paper bullets.”

“I knew of Communist repression,” Chen wrote of her decision to go to Beijing at age nineteen, “but the knowledge was abstract.” Steadily, Chen observed the purges of officials and artists who dared to defy the mandates of Mao. 

The destruction of Hu Feng, an eminent leftist writer and thinker from the 1930s-50s exemplified the purges. “Hu believed that artistic creation was a personal thing, that the function of the artist was to reveal the truth, and that he needed freedom to choose his subject matter and artistic form. Hu demanded that this freedom be guaranteed to the artist.” Hu was sentenced to a labor camp. “[The trial’s] purpose was to warn us that from now on there will be zero tolerance for dissent.” 

Hu’s trial happened in 1955, three years before the onset of the Great Famine, which would claim 37-45 million lives. Like other histories in countries that operate on opacity, the years prior to that disaster are shrouded.  Even the extent of starvation was unknown until the 1996 publication of Jasper Becker’s groundbreaking research in Hungry Ghosts: China’s Secret Famine. Chen provides testimony for the political distortion Mao initiated. Unwilling to accept dissent or bad news about Agricultural Collectivization, the apex of his revolutionary platform, Mao shed officials until he was surrounded by only yes-men presenting fabricated crop reports. As millions starved to death under land reform, surpluses were officially recorded.

Chen participated in land reform, first as a fervent volunteer needing to prove her worth to the party, and later as a victim of political purge.  Her final years in China play out like a suspense film. Her husband’s high connections promise the couple and their young son an exit visa, but not before they too are stripped of rank and dignity. Harnessing ink and brush, “big character posters” created by Mao’s Red Guards slandered fallen civil servants. As Chen scurried from market to slum, she saw the latest guarantor of their safety on one such poster: “Bash in Chen Yi’s Head and Boil Him in Oil!”

In today’s dialectic of superpowers, discussions about China conjure a seesaw of “us versus them.” This makes both sides keen to be defensive. With China’s surveillance state in mind, Americans trumpet our democracy and freedom of speech. Meanwhile Chinese flaunt their record: In mere decades, China hoisted millions from rural poverty to modern industry. Security and prosperity for the Chinese people comes with the tacit agreement to abandon personal freedoms.

Writing from the vantage of her ninety years in Hong Kong, Chen sees the island experience popular protests against an extradition law which would allow Hong Kong’s freethinkers to be brought to the mainland and tried in courts with different laws. She wrote, “My current situation looks uncannily like the one I found myself in more than sixty years ago.” In December, 2021 two of Hong Kong’s remaining pro-democracy newsrooms shuttered under pressure from the newly elected government — an election that did not allow any pro-democracy candidates on the ballot. 

“I have had the good fortune to have lived a long life as a witness to both the private and public sides of China’s turbulent history,” Chen wrote. “I hope in my small way to serve the cause of truth at a time when it is foolhardy to do so. To be honest, I do this in fear.” 

Michaela Chan (MFAW 2023) has a garden in her torso planted with dandelions and daffodils. She’s the News/SAIC editor.

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Book Review: “Power On”

By Literature

Power On Ginger Ko Book Review

Illustration by Audrey Nguyen

Book Details: Power On by Ginger Ko. The Operating System, 2021, $18

Ginger Ko reveals a glimpse into the truth behind creation. Popular belief situates the creator as distinctly divorced from the creation, but with her newest poetry collection, “Power On,” Ko unlades the reality of the relationship between the tool and the senses. Her book of poems reframes the conversation that circles the tenuous connection between the created and the creator, providing inspiring insight on how poetry, technology, and the automaton can function as a sensory appendage.

“Power On” is Ko’s curated gallery of automatons — humanoid projections that she fabricates to fuse technological advancements within the core of humanity. This bond that Ko weaves together through the collection allows the reader to situate themselves at the core of this relationship. The question of the future is framed explicitly, and also quite literally. Ko frames the white space on the page with left-aligned and right-aligned pages, giving the reader plenty of room to project themselves into the book. This is key to understanding Ko’s project. The experiment ensnares the reader into the conflict and pastes them directly onto the page. 

That is the core beauty of Ko’s collection. The entire book is an experiment in conflation. Ko tethers together concepts, ideas, people, and machines to facilitate a space that breeds immersion. The coalescence that interlaces the poems also pulls together a god (dead or not) to humanity, humanity to the machine, and the reader to the speaker. 

The unheard can be represented or attributed to a variety of sources. The unborn speaker from several poems scattered throughout the collection provides a solidly reflective or introspective angle to an otherwise perilous exploration. The moment humanizes the subjects of the poems. As the reader, it is impossible not to step back and consider the automatons acting in Ko’s collection as figures with a core of humanity. The automaton is a machine striving to imitate its creator, similar to the way humans intend to imitate a god. When created in the image of the self, the creation tends to resemble its origin, and Ko makes this abundantly clear. 

When discussing the emotional capacity of the automaton, Ko writes that “if our machines also possess the human desires for connection and love, then they may turn out to be the frightened and frightening figures that appear in POWER ON.” There is valuable involvement that gives technology the human power of subjectivity to a creation plagued by objectivity. Ko’s collection peels the guise of objectivity from technology; from the automaton, and reveals something pure that mirrors her view of humanity. The automaton becomes the frightened extremity of humanity, powering on regardless of what there is to fear; connected to both self and creator. There is an inherent dialogue that Ko curates, allowing for conversations that have been relatively unheard to finally be broadcast.

“The type of powering on that I advocate for in my project is one that encourages respite from urgency and disorder; it is an accommodated empowerment,” Ko writes regarding her process. This book is a collective effort, founded on the dialogue between the poem and reader that is perpetuated by this connection.

Ko’s project extends from the page, broadening its sense and its range. The poet intends to suspend poetry from the restrictions of the page and allow for readers to take control of the text. The “Power On” app available on both the iPhone App Store and the Android App Store will allow readers to contribute to the text. Ko perfects her book’s missions through this multi-medium, multi-perspective approach. She materializes the core of “Power On” by allowing the conversation to take place between readers among machines and humanity. This encourages an intervention, forcing readers to come to terms with our technological appendages. Ko reflects the physicality of the book, multiplied across the matrix. 

“Readers can also bend or break the spine of the book, crease the pages, write notes on the pages, pass the book onto others, or store the book for keeping on a shelf,” Ko writes. “And how we incorporate the content of the book into our lives is also dependent on an entire matrix of identity factors that first allow readers to arrive at the book, facing the book and its content.”

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Finding Serenity in Chicago

By Multimedia, Photo Essay

Winters in Chicago can be dreadful, and practicing self-care may look a little different than usual.  A great way to keep yourself in a good head space is getting outside, exploring, and finding safe spaces to spend your time in!

The front of the conservatory with brown vines strung across the top of the front sign and melted snow on the steps.

Garfield Park Conservatory, exterior.

 

A doorway covered with beautiful greenery leading into another garden.

Garfield Park Conservatory, interior.

 

Store front with reflection of the city in the glass and “Sweet Bean” written in big letters under a graphic of a crumbled cookie.

Sweet Bean at 1125 S. Wabash Ave

 

 

Pastries behind glass and a shelf filled with different snacks and other treats.

Sweet Bean selections

 

Dimly lit aisles of the bookstore behind the stairs leading up to the first floor and a vintage poster on the side of the aisle.

after-words bookstore at 23 E Illinois St

 

A seating area against the window with fens hanging over the table and snack baskets set up around the chairs.

Foxtrot Market, with multiple locations in North Chicago

 

Refrigerators line the side of the store filled with drinks and prepackaged meals.

Foxtrot Market Selections

 

A pathway through the conservatory with tall plants creating an arch over a part of the pathway and a beautiful orange tree toward the back of the path.

Lincoln Park Conservatory

 

A close up of a bush with a sign in the middle reading “Sweat Plant”.

A sweat plant at Lincoln Park Conservatory

 

A side shot of a snowy library front.

Chicago Public Library has 80 branches

 

A long bookshelf leading into the children’s section with computers and tables.

A bookshelf at the Chicago Public Library.

 

 

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Visiting Artist Program: Bani Abidi

By SAIC

A laptop with a man's face next to a water color portrait of the same man's face.

Screenshot from Bani Abidi’s “Visiting Artists Program” lecture at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Behind the scenes of her title piece, “The Man Who Talked Until He Disappeared,” on display at the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago.

Bani Abidi (MFA 1999) is funny. Not “haha” funny, not slapstick funny, and not bump-set-punchline funny either. Abidi’s humor is that of an understanding sibling. It is the humor of small facial gestures: A raised eyebrow, a slanted smile of recognition, a sideways glance to see if anyone else caught that. 

Abidi came of age in 1990s Pakistan, during a decade unwinding from an 11-year dictatorship. A democracy had been newly set up and people who had left to live abroad were filtering back into the country. There was a great aesthetic unraveling known as “Karachi Pop” that spilled into the streets and questioned the relationship between high art and popular craft. All the while, Abidi found herself wondering: Where do I fit into this? 

In 1997 she enrolled in SAIC’s MFA Drawing and Painting program. Leaving her home continent was “game changing,” she says. She experienced a “stupendous internationality” in Chicago, and was introduced to the medium that she would base the rest of her artistic career on: video.

Two South Asian women sit next to each other eating mangoes.

Screenshot from “Mangoes” (1999). On display at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.

Abidi’s first video piece she made after graduating from SAIC is “Mangoes” (1999). It’s a single-shot discussion between two women, one Indian, one Pakistani, both played by Abidi. They sit side by side cutting and slurping mangoes. “The mangoes are so huge, not very good,” one woman says. The two proceed to talk politely with one another about how much better mangoes are in their respective home places. They compare their memories of eating mangoes as children, pitting their moments of nostalgia against one another.

The video quietly climaxes when the Indian woman asks the Pakistani: “How many types of mangoes do you get in Pakistan?” 

“I think we have about five,” the Pakistani woman answers. “What about India?” 

“I think we have about six in India,” she replies. 

“Yeah, actually, I think Pakistan also has about six or seven,” the Pakistani woman retorts.

And the video fades to black. 

There is a subtle humor about their fruit-filled conversation. A passive aggressiveness that creeps into the viewer’s face, a subtle, forced smile as the actors try to keep their cool.

Abidi made the video and then took some years away from making art. She didn’t relate to a lot of the artists being emulated and celebrated at the time, like Shirin Neshat, the Iranian artist known for her photo and video work exploring the cultural taboos of women in Iran. “[They] were working with a certain kind of essentialism,” she says. “I wasn’t interested in all that.” While others in her field turned their lens to grand gestures of culture, Abidi was more interested in the ordinary. 

Instead of art, Abidi pursued education. “It’s really nice to completely give up on what you do at some point,” she says, completely straight-faced. After six years in the US, she suddenly had the urge to return to Pakistan. “It was incredible to come back … with these profound friendships and moments and learning,” she says. “I just started making exhibitions and videos, and it just flew. I wasn’t trying to sell anyone. It was a combination of feeling so inspired and finally being able to dissect and examine things from another lens.”

Four panels showing the set up of the fake documentary.

Slide from Bani Abidi’s “Visiting Artist Program” lecture at School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Images are behind-the-scenes of her 2006 video project, “Reserved.”

When Abidi considers her work now, she realizes that she has been creating through a feminist lens all along. “It’s about looking at men, and poking fun at them,” she says gleefully. “I realized that if you laugh at someone who intends to scream at you, that’s really disarming. It’s also a form of resilience.”

In “Reserved” (2006), Abidi created a storyline about a fictional VIP coming to visit Karachi. Rather than centering this mysterious VIP’s arrival, she went to the periphery. She wanted to film people in a state of waiting. She filmed a traffic jam caused by blocked roads, schoolchildren grasping their flags to wave at the VIP, and people mingling in the hall where the VIP would eventually arrive. The idea was based on a real-life International Monetary Fund meeting that was to happen in Karachi. But her video project is entirely choreographed. 

“In an ideal life, I’d be a documentary filmmaker,” Abidi says. “But I’m too shy and impatient. A lot of my work is about things that I would like to have documented — I just go to great depths to create them.” 

Once in a while, the city of Karachi notices her gestures, and gestures back. When she was creating the “traffic” scene for “Reserved,” she recalls that people in the street noticed she was filming and wanted to join in. They willingly created even more of a traffic jam, just to be part of the filmed traffic jam. “It’s just a different sense of time,” she says wistfully, intertwining the story, again, with a quiet humor and a deep, gentle understanding. 

“I can only work in places where I have a very intuitive reading,” she says. “For me, that’s South Asia. I understand the gestures. I understand what masculinity is there. Where you understand nuance, you have a better chance at telling the story, and a better chance at universality.”

Today Abidi is living and working in Berlin, a city that she is quick to admit she doesn’t understand at all. If this outsidership bothers her she doesn’t let it show — she seems patient to let the city display itself to her. When asked what she has going on in the meantime, Abidi responds simply and effectively, with an answer that could very much describe her entire career:  “Big and small things happening in different parts of the world.”

Bani Abidi’s current exhibition, “The Man Who Talked Until He Disappeared,” is on display at the MCA until June 5.

Parker Yamasaki (MANAJ 2023) is the managing editor at F Newsmagazine. She is looking for a sunnier place to sit.

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The Mascot: March 6, 2022

By News

A wide-mouthed character tilts its head back and gobbles up a variety of news briefs and debris. Illustration by Jade Sheng.

Illustration by Jade Sheng.

International pressure to cut off Russia’s wallet excludes energy trading

At present, sanctions are the weapons of choice in the West. As the Guardian published in a recent Op-ed, economic “sanctions are a form of war, not an alternative to it, and like war, dangerous, damaging and unpredictable in impact.”

Economic sanctions currently restrict Russian oligarchs, the central bank, and other institutions from accessing money tied up in countries such as the U.S., the U.K. and their allies.  Notably absent from the list of restricted individuals and institutions are those that trade in energy.

Russia provided 45% of EU gas imports in 2021. On Thursday, White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said that energy sanctions are still possible despite a statement from Secretary of State Anthony Blinken that suggested otherwise: “There’s no strategic interest in reducing the global supply of energy.” 

Some GOP members in the senate disagree. On Tuesday, Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.), introduced legislation that “would see the White House ban all Russian oil imports into the U.S.” The energy committee leader Sen. John Barrasso (R-Wyo.), has backed the bill alongside seven other Republican senators. The congressmen identify that the energy trade funds Vladimir Putin’s war machine. 

Besides energy sanctions, the U.S. and its allies have refused to establish a No Fly Zone over Ukraine. Such a zone would require NATO forces to shoot down Russian aircraft, a provocation that would pull the world one step closer to nuclear warfare. 

Little contour people. Drawn with black lines. Have human and animal characteristics but are unrecognizable as anything familiar.

The IPCC releases dire climate report

On the wall behind her platform, a life-drawing model hung a banner that read “War Pollutes” as students shuffled into class at the 280 building last Thursday. Indeed, war does pollute: The necessary investment in war de-escalation takes money away from urgent mitigation and adaptation to climate change. 

On Monday, the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) released a report called “Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation & Vulnerability.” Authored by 170 top scientists from 67 countries, the latest report continues to call – to holler and cry –  for a large-scale reduction in carbon emissions as the window of opportunity shrinks.

“The report lays bare the inequities inherent in the climate crisis, stressing that the communities most vulnerable to climate impacts are also the least to blame,” according to Conservation International.  Shyla Raghav, vice president of climate strategy said, “It’s time for developed countries, philanthropists, and the private sector to step up and provide financial support for the communities that are suffering the brunt of climate change.”

The report offers desperately needed handholds of hope. Natural systems, if embraced on a comprehensive scale, can buffer coastal communities, replenish water supplies, capture carbon, and cool cities.

During a break in the Thursday class, the figure drawing model elaborated on her banner. A life-long activist, the seventy-five year old expressed deep disgust and confusion at rich people’s continued investment into the destruction of the planet. 

Eight small figures drawn with wiggly black lines. Stand horizontally next to each other. Not recognizable creatures, but do have characteristics of known animals and humans.

Chicago Billionaire foots the bill of the republican gubernatorial primary, echoing historical “tough on crime” rhetoric and hypocrisy

Ken Griffin pumps cash into political candidates. A Chicago billionaire, Griffin made his fortune founding the financial firm Citadel LLC in 1990. Griffin has vowed to unseat Gov. J.B. Pritzker on the grounds that Pritzker is too lackadaisical on violent crime. Griffith’s choice for the Republican primary is Richard Irvin, mayor of Aurora, who promises to be “tough on crime.” 

On Monday, WBEZ reported that Citadel’s hedge fund invests $86 million in gun and ammunition manufacturers. 

 “These investments make up less than 0.01% of our portfolio,” said a Citadel spokesperson. When $86 million is a sum to wave away with a wave of the hand, perhaps you have too much money. 

Wouldn’t even one penny invested in guns be too much for a philanthropist who styles himself as devoted to reducing violent crime? In the shadow of the $86 million, a $10 million grant Griffin gave the University of Chicago Crime Lab in 2018 hardly shines. Citadel operates with a $32 billion budget. Perhaps keeping track of so much cash makes it easy to lose track of one’s principles. 

Illustration by Michaela Chan.

SAIC graduate work at 33 E. Washington through March 9

Ceramic rainbows, a dining table succumbed to intense gravity, immense yarn paintings, UFO conspiracy rooms, sprawling deflated balloon figures installed in front of funhouse televisions: These are some of the works to be seen at the Graduate Exhibition One at the Galleries at 33 E. Washington through March 9. 

Within Graduate Exhibition One, The Impact Performance Festival featured two shows from 6-10 p.m. on Saturday and 1-5 p.m. on Sunday. Live sound and dance filled the lower floors of the gallery. 

Also in SAIC Art, alumnus Richard Hunt is the first artist selected to install permanent work at the Obama Presidential Center.

Hunt, a lifelong Chicagoan and graduate of Englewood High School, has many accolades, including being the first Black artist with a major solo exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art. 

“We believe art is a powerful mechanism to discover our common ground, as well as inspire and empower our visitors to be change agents in their communities,” said Obama Foundation CEO Valerie Jarrett

The selected piece is called “Book Bird,” a sculpture to be placed in the Reading Garden of the Chicago Public Library located at the Center.

Michaela Chan (MFAW 2023) got canceled for being a nuclear apologist.

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Germany Canceled Nuclear Energy

By Climate, Comics, Featured, Featured Comics, News

For alt text, scroll to the transcript at bottom of this post. Thanks!

Transcript:

Following the Fukushima disaster of 2011, then chancellor Angela Merkel pledged to close all nuclear power stations in Germany by 2022. “Canceler Merkel” may be an appropriate nickname.

The accident at Fukushima Daiichi power station began when the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded triggered a tsunami off the coast of Japan that sent a 14 meter tall wave over the plant’s seawall. Though the nuclear plant’s structure bore the tsunami without damage, seawater flooded into the room containing the backup generators. As a result, three of the six reactors melted down, causing radioactive waste to irradiate into the environment and inhabitants.

Fukushima resulted in 573 disaster-related deaths. Radiation, however, did not cause these deaths. Evacuation proved chaotic and fatal. 

“Before Fukushima, it was assumed that if government officials are creating [evacuation] plans, accidents are bound to happen, so no one made plans,” Nose Yutaka, mayor of Takahama, told the Economist in 2021. “Now we have a plan.” 

The long term estimate of deaths related to radiation exposure at Fukushima Daiichi range from 0-1000. Cases of thyroid cancer in children have increased, though, the World Health Organization (WHO) cites an increase in screening as a more probable explanation than radiation.

The worst nuclear energy accident in history occurred at Chernobyl, Ukraine in 1986. There, twenty-eight people died of acute radiation syndrome. The long-term fatalities due to radiation exposure from the Chernobyl accident hover over nuclear policy. Estimates of premature deaths by 2065 include 60,000 by the EU Green Party and 4,000 by the WHO. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) does not give a figure, due to “unacceptable uncertainties in the predictions” but UNSCEAR did state that in projections of premature deaths, “the doses [of radiation from Chernobyl] were generally overestimated.”  

Besides the fear of accidents, the lack of permanent storage solutions for nuclear waste worries citizens and policy-makers. Facilities that currently store spent fuel in the United States are considered temporary. This label is not for lack of technological solutions: Permanent storage and even recycling of nuclear spent fuel is possible. “The political system is unable to choose among feasible and demonstrated options,” Roger Blomquist told me. Blomquist is Principal Nuclear Engineer at Argonne National Laboratory.

Two examples of the political system determining the fate of nuclear energy: 1) The construction of a geologic disposal site at Yucca Mountain was halted at the urging of Nevada politicians after  $12 billion had been invested in the site. 

2) In a nuclear weapon non-proliferation effort, President Carter issued a statement in 1977 that “[deferred] indefinitely the commercial reprocessing and recycling of the plutonium produced in the U.S. nuclear power programs.”

Safety of nuclear waste storage is widely underestimated. Blomquist said, “You shouldn’t grind up [spent fuel] and eat it. You can stand next to shielded casks and be ok.”

Germany’s cancellation of nuclear energy may run counter to its goal of net-neutral carbon emissions by 2045 given that nuclear power stations produce no carbon emissions, and when nuclear energy is taken off line, it is replaced by fossil fuels. Germany’s climate-motivated effort to shutter coal-fired power stations has made it more reliant on foreign oil, especially from Russia. 

Renewables such as solar and wind are not reliable enough to provide baseload electricity to the grid, whereas fossil fuels and nuclear energy can provide constant power generation.

Choosing between the reliable energy options, global citizens frequently pick fossil fuels, yet fossil fuels have proved far more deadly than nuclear energy. 

Burning fossil fuels produces a cocktail of poisonous gasses: oxone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Through numerous fatal lung and heart diseases, air pollution has caused 100 million deaths over the past fifty years.

Consider premature mortality per terawatt hour of each energy type, due to poisoning by waste products and occupational accidents. A terawatt hour is a measure of energy: 1 terawatt hour is approximately the annual electricity consumption of 187,000 citizens in Europe.

  • coal: 25 
  • oil: 18
  • natural gas: 3
  • nuclear: 0.07

 NASA scientists James Hansen and Pushker Kharecha found that
“using historic production data, we calculate that global nuclear power has prevented about 1.84 million air pollution-related deaths and 64 gigatonnes carbon dioxide-equivalent greenhouse gas emissions that would have resulted from fossil fuel burning [since 1971.]”

Fear of a slow-motion carbon catastrophe is less than fear of accidents at a nuclear power station. Both fossil fuels and nuclear energy produce toxic byproducts. Is the air we breathe or containment underground a better destination for these poisons? 

Winter, 2022. The EU wants to form a united front against Russian aggression on Ukraine’s border. Germany was at first noncommittal. Since shutting down its nuclear plants, Germany has come to rely on Russia for about 50% of its oil supply via the Nord Stream pipeline. Meanwhile, Russia, along with France and China, is one of the few nations increasing its nuclear energy capacity by building newer, more efficient stations. 

 

__________________________________________________________________________

 

Author’s Note

My research on nuclear power began in earnest following a conversation with a friend of a friend who works as a consultant for small modular reactors, or those “newer, more efficient stations” that I touch on at the end of the article. 

Unsurprisingly, the conversation about nuclear energy is fraught with disagreement: Is nuclear renewable? “No, but it’s our best ‘green’ bet.” Is nuclear power worth the risk? “Absolutely not.” Will nuclear plants disguise the development of weapons? “Oof.” 

Seeing this maelstrom of opinion, I did what has become a mantra of the (mis)information age: I reached out to trusted experts. I am good friends with a couple who are practicing experts in the energy sector. She remotely troubleshoots wind turbines for a major electrical utility in the Northeast; He holds a doctorate in material science and works in a Department of Energy-funded sector doing research and development.

After stating their pro-nuclear energy biases, they went on to defend their position with an armada of resources.

Given all these pro-nuclear energy resources, I tried to balance my perspective by watching a documentary about the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone called “Pripyat.” The displacement of people and the fear of an invisible killer weigh heavily on the generations. Besides the horrific accidents seared into recent memory, I am troubled by the lack of consensus, both political and scientific, about storing nuclear waste. I reached out to nuclear scientists primarily to ascertain the current state of research on nuclear waste storage. 

Jeremy Busby, Division Director of Nuclear Energy for Fuel Cycle at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, brought to my attention an additional “con” of nuclear energy, besides accidents and waste. This is cost. New nuclear plants are massive financial undertakings, an aspect of the conversation not present in the print comic. This further colors Germany’s choice to shut down nuclear power stations years before their retirement age. 

Michaela Chan (MFAW 2023) has a garden in her torso planted with dandelions and daffodils. She’s the News/SAIC editor. Find more of her work at www.michaelachan.com.

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Cancel Culture in the Age of the Gossip Empires

By Entertainment, Featured

Photo by Beck Andersen.

Twitter, and recently TikTok, have become well-known spaces for cancel culture to wreak havoc, especially towards celebrities. It has become fairly common for Internet-famous people to become a topic of conversation after controversial news becomes shared online.  The earliest reference to someone being canceled was in 2014, in an episode of VH1’s “Love and Hip-Hop: New York.” In the show, Cisco Rosado, a cast member, told his girlfriend of the time Diamond, “You’re canceled,” after she revealed she had a daughter. People took the phrasing as a joke, and it became a popular way to show disapproval for a person’s actions through fun, light criticism; especially among Black Twitter users.

However, this was not the first time the term was utilized to call out a person. In the 1991 film “New Jack City,” a character ends an iconic scene by saying, “Cancel that bitch, I’ll buy a new one.” In the 2000s, this phrase was referenced by artists like 50 Cent and Lil Wayne, but wasn’t popularly utilized until the spread of the term online over two decades later.

The word “canceling” has only been used commonly within the past six years, even though celebrities have faced criticism for their actions long before that. One of the earliest instances where a celebrity was canceled was when Chris Brown faced domestic abuse charges against his then-girlfriend Rihanna. Consequently, people avoided his music to show their support for Rihanna and raise awareness of domestic violence. Tabloids were the ones drawing attention to this at the time, but it was heavily downplayed, since usually focused on denigrating female rather than male celebrities.

Justin Timberlake, for example, would have been canceled in the early 2000s if the actions of men bore any true consequences back then. The controversial 2004 Super Bowl half-time show’s “wardrobe malfunction” — which revealed Janet Jackson’s breasts — resulted in praise for Timberlake instead of a callout. Instead of apologizing — because the accident was caused by his hands pulling on more fabric than necessary — he told Access Hollywood, “Hey, man, we love giving y’all something to talk about.” What could have passed as an accident became a career turning point for Janet Jackson, whose life never fully recovered after the incident, while he continued in the limelight unscathed. Actions as such where he was applauded by the media would easily become a cancellation issue today.

Instead, tabloids mostly focused on tearing down female celebrities. Timberlake once violently attacked a paparazzi alongside Cameron Diaz, his then-girlfriend, in “self-defense” after the cameramen jumped out of the bushes. This incident failed to make waves, yet the infamous Britney Spears umbrella attack in 2007 was widely shared in the tabloids. Pictures of her shaved head also spread rapidly, becoming a turning point for her public and private life, and her mental health was a popular topic on tabloids, who used her “meltdown” to sell their magazines and gain clicks. Compared to Timberlake, why was she branded a freak, while he was called a hero?.

Tabloids and gossip blogs such as TMZ and Just Jared were responsible for such headlines. Their audiences consisted of men that would not consider what they were reading “gossip,”  since its type of “news” mostly just sexualized and degraded women. TMZ also specialized in publishing invasive celebrity videos — which were later posted on the newly-launched YouTube — giving fans the sensation of peering into a small part of the celebrity’s life.

The difference in treatment between male and female celebrities, as well as the sensational headlines tabloids and bloggers would utilize for clicks and money was widely popular amongst readers and not condemned during this empire. However, a little over a decade later, these same people are being harshly criticized for their actions. While they have now transitioned to creating social media content and have since adopted a straightforward delivery style that does not offend anyone, the #MeToo movement and, more recently, the “Framing Britney Spears” documentary, have framed them in a new light. Screenshots of old articles have resurfaced, showing the full extent of the toxicity of 2000s tabloids and how harmful their content was to those targeted.

Perez Hilton is one of the bloggers who has lost traffic on his dedicated website, and transitioned to social media as such. His signature white scrawl often appeared over pictures that were usually degrading and mean towards the celebrities he’d share rumors about, but it was a type of humor that was considered entertaining by many back in the day. He helped shape people’s usually negative views of celebrities like Spears, and by 2007, Hilton had over 8.82 million pageviews a day — the majority of which were from women — where he, without fear, insulted celebrities to gain clicks. His posts now consist of not-so-sensationalist leads with only traces of his trademark still present. Hilton has since apologized for the way he had treated celebrities in the late 2000s, because people are canceling him now — as well as former gossip bloggers such as Lainey Gossip — by finally showing them that their actions have consequences.

Hilton’s career has not recovered, even though he still has an online presence. Similarly, Elaine Liu from Lainey Gossip has suffered a lot of backlash from her past posts and has apologized, yet people have not forgiven her; going to the extreme of accusing the blogger of taking advantage of “apology culture” to clear her name. Liu has been accused of racism and homophobia for past headlines, due to comments she’s made about Black female celebrities, as well as the children of celebrities.

The tabloid craze of the 2000s was a result of increased accessibility to the Internet as well as the popularity of blogs, which created an easy approach to gossip about celebrities. What gave tabloids the power they held against celebrities was how manipulative their headlines were, as well as how harsh they were towards criticism. Celebrities were either scared of them or took advantage of this culture to rise to stardom. One off-guard moment and they’d be on websites and magazine covers, being called degrading names for the way they looked on a morning walk. The rise of social media completely diluted the power from blogs and weekly magazines as primary outlets for reading about celebrities. Anyone has the power to point out mistakes and cancel someone, as well as become an amateur paparazzi by having a phone or cameras in hand to photograph celebrities in the wild. Those that were behind the screens commenting about everyone over ten years ago as their professions are suffering the consequences for their actions, and even though they still update their websites and social media, they are not the go-to accounts for gossip as they used to be. But perhaps the question remains — if they don’t have the power any more, then who does?

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Yodeling Ghost

By Comics, Featured Comics

Panel One: A man in an orange sweater with a blue dress shirt collar peeking out underneath it is frying an egg in a pan on his kitchen counter. A green ectoplasmic tendril appears from below the kitchen counter, and a ghostly “Yodel” is heard. Panel Two: A green ghost wearing a red cap with a feather in it suddenly appears behind the man with a POP! The man does not notice this, and flips his egg in the pan. Panel Three: The ghost yodels louder, trying to get the man’s attention. The man remains oblivious. The flipped egg lands in the pan with a FSSSSSSS. Panel Four: The ghost looks extremely angry as the man flips his egg again. Panel Five: The egg lands in the pan with a SPLAT! as the ghost flies into the man’s open mouth. “HGGGHHGH,” says the man. Panel Six: The man stands there silently, eyes looking in different directions, as the egg simmers in the pan. Panels Seven, Eight, and Nine: The man lets out a huge “YOOOOOODELAY-HEE-HOO” as he fries his egg with renewed gusto, eats his fried egg, and sits in a train car on the New York City subway. As he sits down, a woman tells him, “Shut UP!”

“Yodeling Ghost” by Nestor Kok shares a unique view of paranormal possession.

Transcript:

Panel One: A man in an orange sweater with a blue dress shirt collar peeking out underneath it is frying an egg in a pan on his kitchen counter. A green ectoplasmic tendril appears from below the kitchen counter, and a ghostly “Yodel” is heard.

Panel Two: A green ghost wearing a red cap with a feather in it suddenly appears behind the man with a POP! The man does not notice this, and flips his egg in the pan.

Panel Three: The ghost yodels louder, trying to get the man’s attention. The man remains oblivious. The flipped egg lands in the pan with a FSSSSSSS.

Panel Four: The ghost looks extremely angry as the man flips his egg again.

Panel Five: The egg lands in the pan with a SPLAT! as the ghost flies into the man’s open mouth. “HGGGHHGH,” says the man.

Panel Six: The man stands there silently, eyes looking in different directions, as the egg simmers in the pan.

Panels Seven, Eight, and Nine: The man lets out a huge “YOOOOOODELAY-HEE-HOO” as he fries his egg with renewed gusto, eats his fried egg, and sits in a train car on the New York City subway. As he sits down, a woman tells him, “Shut UP!”

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Moving Pictures: “Uncharted,” Going Where Many Movies Have Gone Before

By Entertainment

Photo by Clay Enos; courtesy of Sony Pictures

Why are video game movies so bad? Please. Tell me why. Why is it that, while games themselves go further and further to push the envelope on what storytelling can be, through immersive narratives like “Firewatch,” or relationship-driven adventures like “God of War,” or genre explorations like “Disco Elysium” … why do video game movies still absolutely stink?

I think it’s the player’s fault. The player’s, not the players’. Well, okay, I do blame the players in part, for paying for tickets to awful movies to see their favorite swords on screen. I’m allowed to be rude about this because I paid money to watch “Monster Hunter,” and was delighted to see my favorite sword on the big screen, even though the movie was, for the most part, another stinker.

No, specifically, I think it is the idea of the player that is to blame.

Video games are designed for the player; an active figure taking part in a story that they unfold for themselves. Watching is a passive act. That is the critical distinction. Unlike movies, video games are meant for a person to play. The nuance and excitement come from interpreting the work; from forming your own perspective and relationship with the story that unfolds before you.

Playing, on the other hand, requires active participation. You have to be doing the right thing at the right time to get the correct feedback response. Whether you’re jumping on a Goomba, or terraforming your animal-inhabited island, or, as in the case of “Uncharted,”, scaling your way up several giant chunks of cargo while dangling from the back of a plane, several thousand feet in the air. It’s exciting when you’re doing that; when you’re in control.

It’s not exciting when you’re watching it.

It’s not exciting to see a CGI version of Tom Holland act out that cutscene. It’s less exciting when you see it the second time, because they clearly spent a lot of money animating fake Tom Holland, and wanted to get the most bang for their buck.

“Uncharted” isn’t exciting. I wish I could say it’s so bad, it’s worth watching. But it’s mostly empty. And that seems to be the trend for most video game movies. The video game movies from the ‘70s and ‘80s at least were bad enough to enjoy. But now? We have “Assassin’s Creed,” we have “Mortal Kombat,” we have “Monster Hunter,” we have “Tomb Raider”. All entirely bland from start to finish, without any ingenuity or flavor.

These movies propel themselves from one “live-action” cutscene to another, and for some reason, always have an overabundance of action montages. For example, there are at least three montages in “Uncharted.” — and you can’t even blame the video game for that. Video games contain multitudes, but they mostly do a good job sparing us from meandering, spliced-together training sequences, or worse still, the dreaded research montage. (What’s more fun than watching characters flipping through journals about real history, rewritten to contain conspiracies, right?)

 

Somehow, video game movies manage to make these even worse. These dry montages are about as exciting as watching the high-energy, blood-pumping, ‘live-action’ versions of cutscenes from the video games — and by “as exciting,” I mean not exciting at all. If I’ve played the game, I’ve already experienced this moment in a far superior way. And if I haven’t played the game, I’m wondering why this is taking so long. That was me, during this cargo-falling-out-of-the-plane scene I keep bringing up. And I keep bringing it up for two reasons — firstly, it is the centerpiece of the film’s marketing, with every trailer and every poster featuring it, and secondly, its lackluster nature is integral to understanding why the “Uncharted” movie fails.

After being so frustrated by the film’s delivery, I watched the original game footage of that scene. And I have to say, I now understand why fans were excited to see this play out onscreen. It’s a grand moment, with hair-raising beats, that keeps driving the octane higher. But that’s only in the game.

That section of the game twists the central mechanics to create new energy for the player. Players are used to beating enemies in hand-to-hand combat; now you’re fighting an enemy who is so strong you have to use the environment (falling cargo) to defeat them. Players are used to running through corridors, bullets whizzing by; now those bullets are coming at you while you’re dangling out of a plane. And players are used to the game’s central cover mechanic, where you hide behind crates, columns, rocks, to return fire safely; now, everything you can hide behind is sliding out of this plane, and if you take too long, you’re falling with them.

Now that? That’s exciting. Because it’s leveraging the specifics of the medium, like movement, combat, and cover, to tell an engaging story through action. The film, however, doesn’t do any of that. No part of this scene in the movie is made better by being in a movie. This overarching rule is also why the only two successful Western-made video game movies, “Detective Pikachu” and “Sonic the Hedgehog”  — don’t @ me — work. They do not try to replicate the sensation of playing the games they’re based on. They are wholly new adventures, unburdened by their source material.

On top of being a video game movie, “Uncharted” belongs to the genre of treasure hunt movies. These are movies where a wily protagonist, usually a white man with an abundance of trivia, is the only one who can solve the centuries-old mystery that has long since befuddled experts. We have Indiana Jones looking for the Ark of the Covenant, Tom Hanks looking for Mary Magdalene, Nicolas Cage looking for… a three dollar bill? (I’ve watched both “National Treasure” movies several times and I could not tell you what he’s looking for.)

“Uncharted” is very clear on what Tom Holland’s Nathan Drake is looking for — Magellan’s lost treasure, consisting of tons and tons of gold looted from “uncivilized regions,” supposedly lost forever since Magellan’s death “somewhere in the Philippines.” However, Magellan isn’t in the “Uncharted” games. Magellan was a real person. Rather, he was a colonizing Christian missionary who was killed on the Philippine island of Mactan, after the residents there refused to comply with his proselytizing. The man who killed him, Lapulapu, is now regarded as a national hero in the Philippines for standing up to colonization. When I first learnt of Magellan, it was in school, and like Tom Holland’s Nathan Drake, I was mistakenly told that he died “somewhere in the Philippines”, murdered practically without cause, with no mention of his mission nor how the explorers we venerated in history class were tied inextricably to imperialism.

Sure, it might be a bit too much to expect “Uncharted” to signpost this complex historical legacy to its audience. But nobody needed them to use Magellan as their centerpiece either. And even so, it could not have been that difficult to just contend with who Magellan was and what he represents, even slightly. Nathan Drake literally spends a full day (and another montage) in the Philippines, but instead of featuring a single Southeast Asian, they end up at a resort populated entirely by white tourists.

I’m not saying “Uncharted” is a racist movie, or that it should be cancelled. But even the Indiana Jones franchise, a much-beloved series, has faced criticism for years about whether the film’s titular archaeologist is actually a hero or an unwanted pilferer. And Indiana Jones didn’t cast Mark Wahlberg, who infamously beat two Vietnamese people close to death while hurling slurs at them. “Uncharted” has unnecessary baggage, all of which could have been avoided with some thought.

If being a bad video game adaptation and a problematic treasure hunt wasn’t enough for you, don’t worry. “Uncharted” has one more surprise in store. In the official movie trailer, Nathan Drake is interrupted by Mark Wahlberg’s Sully while negotiating a trade. “What is that thing on your face?!” Tom Holland inquires while trying to stifle a laugh — a reference to Sully’s characteristic mustache from the game. I’m waiting throughout the whole movie for this scene. Because as charmless as Mark Wahlberg is, perhaps he’d be more enjoyable with less of his face viewable.

And so I wait. I wait some more. The movie… ends? And the credits roll. Flashy title cards for all of the characters, in poses from the games. Great! Still no mustache. A post-credits scene teasing an expansion of this story that I don’t care about. Fantastic! Where’s the mustache? White credits over a black screen. I wait. I wait. I wait. And then… it happens. Nathan Drake is negotiating. And Sully storms in with a fuzzy face.

“Uncharted” was so bereft of content, that they used footage from their second post-credits scene to stuff their trailers. Any potential goodwill I could have mustered for this movie was thrown out the window, much like Tom Holland falling out of that plane.

“Uncharted” may still be in cinemas now. But you’d be better off finding a good Let’s Play of the games on Youtube. Because, despite its star’s power (that is, its singular star), it is a joyless, plodding movie, unable to effectively utilize any of the content that inspired it. And hey — at least, in the games, Sully will have the mustache for longer.

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The Sky Talks: Love Is In The Stars For 2022

By Entertainment

Illustration by Jade Sheng.

Today I’m gonna talk about love and the horoscope, and how each sign vibes better with one another.

To understand the compatibility of a couple, I as an astrologer use the Sinastry chart and the Composite chart to study the nature of a couple’s relationship. These charts I make are precious analysis tools to determine the longevity and quality of a relationship. However, there are some basic astrology rules that can be applied in order to know the compatibility of each sign. Using these, I will now explain to you how the signs behave in love, and which signs make the best matches.


Aries (March 21 to April 19)

Aries is a fire sign. Aries like conquest and need partners who understand them and don’t try to smother their nature.

Match with:

Fire signs (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius): Makes good partnership, but arguments are likely.

Air signs (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius): Feeds the fire, but Libra is the opposite of Aries on the zodiac wheel, so this partnership can bring some setbacks.

Gemini and Leo are great bets.

 

Taurus (April 20 to May 20)

Taurus is an Earth sign, fixed and feminine. They are romantic and love to receive gifts. This means that they are usually self-focused, practical, and self-directed.

Match with:

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): But care must be taken to prevent these signs from getting stuck in an established routine.

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): These relationships can add emotional connection, which is necessary for balance, but Scorpio opinions can cause conflict.

Cancer and Capricorn could work with a Taurus pretty well.

 

Gemini (May 21 to June 20)

Gemini is a mutable air sign, which makes you extroverted, communicative and flexible. Geminis can be everywhere and nowhere at the same time.

Match with:

Air signs (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius): Those are good combinations because there is a lot of talk, there can also be some level of detachment.

Fire signs (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius): They are stimulating, but with Sagittarius there are tendencies towards many changes.

A Leo partner is your best bet.

 

Cancer (June 21 to July 22)

Cancer is a water sign, cardinal. Cancerians are often self-reflective and emotional. They take great care of their loved one, but they may feel that a relationship is the end of all their problems — which isn’t necessarily true!

Match with:

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): However, these unions can be hard work and may prove too emotional.

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): They provide the emotional “base” that Cancer needs, and are better options than water signs.

Virgo or Taurus are good options.

 

Leo (July 23 to August 22)

Leo is a fixed, fire sign. They are outgoing, warm, and often have strong opinions. It is often a shock for Leos to discover that their partner is human (ha ha!), as they always aim for perfection in both themselves and in their partners.

Match with:

Fire signs (Leo, Sagittarius and Aries): However, arguments can erupt quickly, as fire signs are emotionally volatile.

On the other hand, partnerships with air signs (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius) can work well.

Both Leo and Aquarius can tend to stubborn opinions that can create conflict. A relationship with a Libra would probably be the most harmonious, and with Aries, the most passionate.

 

Virgo (August 23 to September 22)

Virgo is an earth sign, mutable. They are practical, thoughtful, and careful. However, they may come with a list of requests and be quite demanding of their partner.

Match with:

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): But, be careful not to get stuck in a rut and grow bored.

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): These offer a real sense of connection, but sometimes Pisces can be a little difficult to deal with.

A relationship with Scorpio or Capricorn can be fantastic.

 

Libra (September 23 to October 22)

Libras are cardinal air signs, who love beauty and above all, love. They analyze everything, and are a little confused, so they seek balance and peace in relationships.

Match with:

Air signs (Libra, Gemini and Aquarius): They can be wonderful partners.

Fire signs (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius): They are good partners, but sometimes there can be strong confrontations with Aries.

If you’re a Libra, you’re likely to be attracted to a Gemini, or even a Taurus who’s ruled by the planet Venus, like you.

 

Scorpio (October 23 to November 21)

Scorpios are fixed water signs that focus on inner reflection and intense emotions. They love to the extreme.

Match with:

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): They can magnetically attract each other and have deep relationships.

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): They help to anchor Scorpio in practical reality, but Taurus can seem rather conservative to Scorpio.

Cancer and Capricorn are excellent partners for a Scorpio.

 

Sagittarius (November 22 to December 21)

Sagittarius is a fire sign, mutable, adventurous and expansive. They are bohemians and have their own theory of what love is.

Match with:

Fire signs (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius): They are good potential partners, although relationships with fire signs can bring passion and volatility.

Air signs (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius): They can work, but heated confrontations can occur with a Gemini person.

Aries and Leo are great bets.

 

Capricorn (December 22 to January 19)

Capricorn is a solid, dependable and hardworking cardinal earth sign. However, in the area of ​​love, they can behave in cycles. When completely uninhibited they surrender. But they can go from warm and passionate to absolutely frigid in the blink of an eye.

Match with:

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): They can work well when they have common goals. However, there is a risk of being tied to commitments of work and seriousness.

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): are a more fun and complementary bet.

A relationship with a Cancer can sometimes bring too much emotion to Capricorns, so Taurus and Pisces are the best partnership companions.

 

Aquarius (January 20 to February 18)

Aquarius is a fixed air sign that is sociable, innovative and humanitarian. They don’t really care about being in an intimate relationship.

Match with:

Air signs (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius): They are good partners, but the only risk is that they can talk for hours and hours and not get much done.

Fire signs (Aries, Leo and Sagittarius): They can be great partners, but sometimes Leos can be a little too opinionated.

Sagittarii can be beautiful adventurous company!

 

Pisces (February 19 to March 20)

Pisces is a mutable water sign that is emotional, intuitive and creative — although they might want to become your psychotherapist if you’re not careful.

Match with:

Water signs (Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces): They are suitable for deep and passionate relationships, but sometimes there can be too much emotion.

Earth signs (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn): They provide stability and solidity that brings balance. But Virgo can find Pisces’ intensity a little too much sometimes.

Their best compatibilities are with Cancer and Scorpio.

 

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El Machete Illustrated – US Immigration Oath

By Comics

Uncle Sam stands in front of a podium that reads "Immigration Naturalization." He raises his right hand and reads an oath off a piece of paper to a crowd in the foreground. He reads off, "...and I swear to forget, bury, and erase the horrendous acts the U.S. did to my home country that forced me to flee and take refuge here." The crowd in the foreground is visibly confused and upset by his words. 

El Machete Illustrated by Eric J Garcia.

Transcript:

Uncle Sam stands in front of a podium that reads “Immigration Naturalization.” He raises his right hand and reads an oath off a piece of paper to a crowd in the foreground. He reads off, “…and I swear to forget, bury, and erase the horrendous acts the U.S. did to my home country that forced me to flee and take refuge here.” The crowd in the foreground is visibly confused and upset by his words.

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